A measure of annualized future losses over the long term, derived from probabilistic risk models. The AAL provides an estimator of losses that are likely to occur every year due to a specific hazard (UN Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2013, https://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/gar/2013/en/gar-pdf/Annex_1.pdf).

Infrastructure that provides services considered fundamental for human development, growth, safety, and security

Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects. It refers to changes in processes, practices and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with climate change (UNFCCC, https://unfccc.int/topics/adaptation-and-resilience/the-big-picture/introduction).

Adjustments in ecological, social, or economic systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli and their effects. It refers to changes in processes, practices and structures to moderate potential damages or to benefit from opportunities associated with climate change (UNFCCC, https://unfccc.int/topics/adaptation-and-resilience/the-big-picture/introduction).

Local, national or transnational financing, drawn from public, private and alternative sources of financing, that seeks to support mitigation and adaptation actions that will address climate change (UNFCCC, https://unfccc.int/topics/introduction-to-climate-finance). 

The reference period for present is 1979 - 2016 while for future scenarios is 2060 - 2100.

For the future climate, the ISIMIP3b dataset has been selected as state-of-the-art climate projection. Two scenarios were chosen, adopting as criterion a statistical selection based on the percentiles of the ensemble of temperature trajectories . The Lower bound represents the 20-percentile of the ensemble of average world temperature over land of the ensemble of the entire ISIMIP3b scenario ensemble, while the Upper bound represents the 80-percentile.

For a more complete description please refer to the background papers"

Potential liability that may occur in the future depending on the disaster-related outcome of a hazard impact. In disaster risk evaluations, contingent liability refers to future projected damage and loss that must be paid for by the government, individuals, private sector, or others.

The physical structures, facilities, networks, and other assets, which provide services that are indispensable to the social and economic functioning of society, and which are necessary for managing disaster risk.

The potential loss of life, injury, and/or destroyed and damaged assets, which could occur in a system, society, or community in a specific period of time, determined probabilistically as a function of hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and capacity.

• Extensive risk, the risk of low-severity, high-frequency hazardous events and disasters, mainly but not exclusively associated with highly localized hazards.
• Intensive risk, the risk of high-severity, mid- to low-frequency disasters, mainly associated with major hazards.

Is the application of disaster risk reduction policies and strategies to prevent new disaster risk, reduce existing disaster risk and manage residual risk, contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses.  Disaster risk management actions can be distinguished between prospective disaster risk management, corrective disaster risk management and compensatory disaster risk management, also called residual risk management. 

• Prospective disaster risk management activities address and seek to avoid the development of new or increased disaster risks. They focus on addressing disaster risks that may develop in future if disaster risk reduction policies are not put in place. Examples are better land-use planning or disaster-resistant water supply systems.
• Corrective disaster risk management activities address and seek to remove or reduce disaster risks which are already present, and which need to be managed and reduced now. Examples are the retrofitting of critical infrastructure or the relocation of exposed populations or assets.
• Compensatory disaster risk management activities strengthen the social and economic resilience of individuals and societies in the face of residual risk that cannot be effectively reduced. They include preparedness, response and recovery activities, but also a mix of different financing instruments, such as national contingency funds, contingent credit, insurance and reinsurance and social safety nets.